Dr. Duke's
Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
Chemicals and their Biological Activities in:
Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae) -- Bitter Melon, Sorosi
Chemicals
- 5-ALPHA-STIGMASTA-7,22,25-TRIEN-3-BETA-OL
Plant:
JSG
-
No activity reported.
- 5-ALPHA-STIGMASTA-7,25-DIEN-3-BETA-OL
Plant:
JSG
-
No activity reported.
- 5-HYDROXYTRYPTAMINE
Fruit:
MPI
-
Allergenic M&R
; Antidepressant MAR
; Antidote (Manganese) to 3 g/man/day MAR
; Antimutilation MAR
; Antiparkinsonian MAR
; Antitourette 400 mg/4x/day/orl/man MAR
; Cancer-Preventive 525
; Cerebrophilic JBH
; Hypertensive JPP42:35
; Insecticide JBH
; Pesticide DUKE1992B
; Secretogogue JPP42:35
; Spasmogenic PM56(6):688
; Ulcerogenic JPP42:125
; Vasoconstrictor JPP42:125
- ALKALOIDS
Fruit 380 ppm;
IFP
1
-
No activity reported.
- ALPHA-ELAEOSTEARIC-ACID
Seed 4,670 - 231,632 ppm WOI
-
No activity reported.
- ASCORBIGEN
Fruit:
WOI
-
No activity reported.
- BETA-SITOSTEROL-D-GLUCOSIDE
Fruit:
IFP
-
Antispasmodic JE28:221
; Antitumor DUKE1992B
; CNS-Depressant RAA
; CNS-Stimulant DUKE1992B
; Convulsant DUKE1992B
; Hypoglycemic DUKE1992B
- CHARANTIN
Fruit 1,500 ppm;
IFP
-
Abortifacient GMJ
; Antidiabetic GMJ
; Antitesticular DUKE1992B
; Hypoglycemic 50 mg/kg/orl/rbt PAM
- CITRULLINE
Fruit:
IFP
-
Antiasthenic 180 mg/kg/day M29
6 g/day/orl/man M29
; Antihepatotic M11
; Antiosteoporotic? M29
; Diuretic DUKE1992B
- CRYPTOXANTHIN
Fruit:
IFP
-
Antimutagenic EMP6:235
; Vitamin-A-Activity DUKE1992B
- DIOSGENIN
Tissue Culture:
MPI
-
Antifatigue JE26:85
; Antiinflammatory PH2
; Antistress JE26:85
; Estrogenic 20-40 mg/kg/day/15 day scu mus; Hepatoprotective PH2
; Hypocholesterolemic PMP23:57
; Mastogenic
- ELASTEROL
Plant:
JSG
-
No activity reported.
- FLAVOCHROME
Fruit:
IFP
-
No activity reported.
- FLUORIDE
Fruit 0.2 - 0.5 ppm MPI
-
Anticariogenic DAS
; Antiosteoporotic DAS
; Antiosteosclerotic DAS
- GABA
Fruit:
IFP
-
Analeptic DUKE1992B
; Anticephalagic DUKE1992B
; Anticerebrotic JBH
; Antichoreic 1-32 g/man/day M29
; Anticonvulsant 4,120 mg/kg ipr mus BBE
; Antihypertensive 1,000-4,000 mg/man/day DUKE1992B
; Antiinsomniac DUKE1992B
; Antilethargic DUKE1992B
; Antistress SHT76
; Antitinnitic DUKE1992B
; Anxiolytic SHT76
; Cardiovascular 208 ivn dog BBE
; CNS-Inhibitor 0.1 mg/kg ivn cat BBE
100 mg/kg ivn dog BBE
2,500 mg/kg scu mus BBE
; Diuretic 1,500-4,000 mg/man/day IJO13:168
; Hypotensive 1,000-4,000 mg/day DUKE1992B
; Neuroinhibitor OHAI13:165
; Neurotoxic (to birds) JBH
; Neurotransmitter; Sedative HG40:12
; Tranquilizer WER
- GALACTURONIC-ACID
Fruit:
MPI
-
No activity reported.
- LANOSTEROL
Fruit:
MPI
-
Cancer-Preventive 525
- LUTEIN
Fruit:
IFP
-
Antiatherosclerotic SN159:391
; Anticancer (Breast) PS131:95
; Antimaculitic JNU
; Antinyctalopic JNU
; Antioxidant JN126:2098
; Antiproliferant JNU
; Antiradicular JN126:2098
; Antiretinitic Optometry 71(3):147
; Antitumor (Breast) PS131:95
; Antitumor (Colon) ACN71:575
; Colorant JBH
; Prooxidant 5-40 ug/g JAF44:2096
; Quinone-Reductase-Inducer 2.5 ug PS131:95
; Retinoprotectant Optometry 71(3):147
; Ubiquiot JBH
- LYCOPENE
Fruit:
IFP
-
Anticancer (Bladder) NR56:35
; Anticancer (Breast) NR56:35
; Anticancer (Cervix) NR56:35
; Anticancer (Prostate) NR56:35
; Antioxidant CRH(FEB):13.1997
; Antiprostatitic CRH(FEB):13.1997
; Antiradicular DUKE1992B
; Antitumor DUKE1992B
; Antitumor (Bladder) NR56:35
; Antitumor (Breast) NR56:35
; Antitumor (Cervix) NR56:35
; Antitumor (Prostate) NR56:35
; Cancer-Preventive 525
; Colorant DUKE1992B
; Hypocholesterolemic 60 mg/man/day/3 mos NR56:35
; Prooxidant 20 ug/g JAF44:2096
- MOMORDICIN
Fruit:
IFP
-
No activity reported.
- MOMORDICOSIDE-A
Seed:
CCO
-
No activity reported.
- MOMORDICOSIDE-B
Seed:
CCO
-
No activity reported.
- MOMORDICOSIDE-C
Seed:
CCO
-
No activity reported.
- MOMORDICOSIDE-D
Seed:
CCO
-
No activity reported.
- MOMORDICOSIDE-E
Seed:
CCO
-
No activity reported.
- MOMORDICOSIDE-F-1
Fruit:
IFP
-
No activity reported.
- MOMORDICOSIDE-F-2
Fruit:
IFP
-
No activity reported.
- MOMORDICOSIDE-G
Fruit:
IFP
-
No activity reported.
- MOMORDICOSIDE-I
Fruit:
IFP
-
No activity reported.
- MOMORDICOSIDE-K
Seed:
CCO
-
No activity reported.
- MOMORDICOSIDE-L
Seed:
CCO
-
No activity reported.
- MUTACHROME
Fruit:
IFP
-
No activity reported.
- OXALATE
Fruit 185 - 1,444 ppm MPI
-
No activity reported.
- OXALIC-ACID
Fruit 5 ppm;
WBB
-
Antiseptic DUKE1992B
; CNS-Paralytic JBH
; Fatal M29
; Hemostatic M11
; Irritant M&R499
; Pesticide DUKE1992B
; Renotoxic M11
- PHYTOFLUENE
Seed:
IFP
1
-
No activity reported.
- PIPECOLIC-ACID
Fruit:
IFP
-
Herbistat JBH
; Pesticide DUKE1992B
- POLYPEPTIDE-P
Fruit:
CCO
-
No activity reported.
- RUBIXANTHIN
Fruit:
IFP
-
Colorant JBH
- STIGMASTA-5,25-DIEN-3-BETA-OL
Plant:
JSG
-
No activity reported.
- SUGARS
Fruit 35,000 - 45,000 ppm IFP
-
No activity reported.
- UREASE
Seed:
WOI
-
No activity reported.
- VICINE
Seed:
CCO
-
No activity reported.
- ZEAXANTHIN
Fruit:
IFP
1
-
Anticancer (Breast) PS131:95
; Antitumor (Breast) PS131:95
; Colorant JBH
; Hepatoprotective X9387190
; Quinone-Reductase-Inducer PS131:95
- ZEINOXANTHIN
Fruit:
IFP
1
-
No activity reported.
References
- 1:
Kameoka, H. and Nakai, K. 1987. Components of essential oil from the root of Glycyrrhiza-glabra. Nippon Gogeikagaku Kaishi 61(9): 1119-1122.
Note: Assumes 1% EO
- 525:
Stitt, P. A. Why George Should Eat Broccoli. Dougherty Co, Milwaukee, WI, 1990, 399 pp.
- 71(3):147:
Jim Duke's personal files
- ACN71:575:
Jim Duke's personal files
- BBE:
Borchard, R. E., Barnes, C. D., and Eltherton, L. G. 1991. Drug Dosage in Laboratory Animals: A Handbook. (3rd Ed.) The Telford Press, Inc., P. O. Box 287, Caldwell NJ 07006.
- CCO:
Chemical Constituents of Oriental Herbs (3 diff. books)
- CRH(FEB):13.1997:
Jim Duke's personal files
- DAS:
Davies, S., and Stewart, A. 1990. Nutritional Medicine. Avon Books, New York. 509pp.
- DUKE1992B:
Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of biologically active phytochemicals and their activities. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.
- EMP6:235:
Economic & Medicinal Plant Research, 6: 235.
- GMJ:
Grenand, P., Moretti, C., and Jacquemin, H. 1987. Pharmacopees Traditionnelles en Guyane. l'ORSTROM, Paris. 569 pp.
- HG40:12:
Jim Duke's personal files
- IFP:
Jim Duke's personal files
- IJO13:168:
Jim Duke's personal files
- JAF44:2096:
Jim Duke's personal files
- JBH:
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
- JE26:85:
Jim Duke's personal files
- JE28:221:
Malini, T. and Vanithakumari, G. 1989. Rat Toxicity Studies With B-Sitosterol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 28: 221-234, 1990.
- JN126:2098:
Jim Duke's personal files
- JNU:
Jim Duke's personal files
- JPP42:125:
Jim Duke's personal files
- JPP42:35:
Jim Duke's personal files
- JSG:
J.S. Glasby Dict.Pls Containing 2ndary Metabolite. 1991.
- M&R:
Mitchell, J. and Rook, A.J. 1923. Botanical Dermatology: plants and plant products injurious to the skin. Vancouver: Greengrass, 1979. xiii, 787 p.: ill.
- M&R499:
Jim Duke's personal files
- M11:
Merck 11th Edition
- M29:
Martindale's 29th
- MAR:
Martindale's 28th
- MPI:
=ICMR(Indian Council of Medical Research).1976.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.1.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambridge Printing Works, New Delhi.487 pp;ICMR.1987.Medicinal Plants of India.Vol.2.Indian Council of Med. Res.Cambr. Printing Works,New Delhi.600pp
Note: (2 vols so far).
- NR56:35:
Jim Duke's personal files
- OHAI13:165:
Jim Duke's personal files
- PAM:
Pizzorno, J.E. and Murray, M.T. 1985. A Textbook of Natural Medicine. John Bastyr College Publications, Seattle, Washington (Looseleaf).
- PH2:
Jim Duke's personal files
- PM56(6):688:
Jim Duke's personal files
- PMP23:57:
Jim Duke's personal files
- PS131:95:
Madhavi, D. L., Bomser, J., Smith, M., Singletary, K. 1998. Isolation of Bioactive Constituents from Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Fruits and Cell Cultures. Plant Sci., 131(1): 95-103.
- RAA:
Rizk, A.F.M. and Al-Nowaihi, A.S., The Phytochemistry of the Horticultural Plants of Qatar, Scientific and Applied Research Centre, University of Qatar.
- SHT76:
Jim Duke's personal files
- SN159:391:
Jim Duke's personal files
- WBB:
Watt, J.M. and Breyer-Brandwijk, M.G. 1962. The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa. E. & S. Livingstone, Ltd. Edinburg & London. 1457 pp.
- WER:
Werbach, M. 1993. Healing with Food. Harper Collins, New York, 443 pp.
- WOI:
ANON. 1948-1976. The Wealth of India raw materials. Publications and Information Directorate, CSIR, New Delhi. 11 volumes.
- X9387190:
Jim Duke's personal files
Ubiquitous chemicals not included in analysis
ppm = parts per million
tr = trace
Phytochemical Database, USDA - ARS - NGRL,
Beltsville Agricultural Research Center,
Beltsville, Maryland
Thu May 16 15:45:36 EDT 2002
Please send questions and comments to:
- James A. Duke (E-Mail:
JimDuke@cpcug.org)
- or
- Stephen M. Beckstrom-Sternberg
(E-Mail:
SteveBS@nhgri.nih.gov)
Please send technical questions and comments to:
-
WebMaster (E-Mail:
WebMaster@ars-grin.gov)
The USDA does not recommend self diagnosis or self medication.
Please see the disclaimer
for more information.