Dr. Duke's
Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
Chemicals and their Biological Activities in:
Copaifera spp (Fabaceae) -- Copaiba
Chemicals
- 16BETA-KAURAN-19-CARBONIC-ACID
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- 7-HYDROXYHARDWICKIC-ACID
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- ALLO-AROMADENDRENE
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- ALPHA-BERGAMOTENE
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- ALPHA-COPAENE
Wood:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- ALPHA-CUBEBENE
Gum 9,000 - 32,400 ppm DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- ALPHA-HUMULENE
Plant:
DUKE1992A
-
Antitumor JNP55:999
; Perfumery JBH
- ALPHA-MULTIJUGENOL
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- ALPHA-SELINENE
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
Perfumery ARC
- AR-CURCUMENE
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
Antirhinoviral IC50=1,750? JNP57:658
; Antiulcer IC45=100 mg/kg YAK112:645
; Antiviral IC50=1,750? JNP57:658
- BETA-BISABOLENE
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
Abortifacient JE32:174
; Antirhinoviral IC50=1,800? JNP57:658
; Antiulcer IC57=100 mg/kg YAK112:645
; Antiviral IC50=1,800? JNP57:658
; Perfumery ARC
- BETA-BISABOLOL
Essential Oil:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- BETA-COPAENE
Wood:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- BETA-CUBEBENE
Gum 2,100 - 8,100 ppm DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- BETA-ELEMENE
Gum 3,900 - 14,400 ppm DUKE1992A
-
Anticancer (Cervix) MPT
- BETA-FARNESENE
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- BETA-HUMULENE
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- BETA-METACOPAIBIC-ACID
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- BETA-MUUROLENE
Wood:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- BETA-SELINENE
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
Perfumery ARC
- CALAMENENE
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- CALAMESENE
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- CARIOAZULENE
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- CARYOPHYLLENE
Gum 151,800 - 480,600 ppm DUKE1992A
-
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor PJB1(3):238
; Antiacne PJB1(3):238
; Antiasthmatic LAF
; Antibacterial JAF40:2329
; Anticariogenic MIC=>1,600 ug/ml JAF41:1103
; Antiedemic CPB38:2283
; Antifeedant 500 ppm TOX
; Antiinflammatory IC50=100 uM CPB38:2283
; Antispasmodic DUKE1992B
; Antistaphylococcic JAR10:7
; Antistreptococcic PJB1(3):238
; Antitumor JNP55:999
; Candidicide JAR10:7
; FLavor FEMA 20-200 ARC
; Fungicide JAR10:7
; Insectifuge 382
; Irritant ZEB
; Perfumery M11
; Pesticide DUKE1992B
; Sedative JAR10:7
; Termitifuge 382
- CARYOPHYLLENE-OXIDE
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
Antiedemic CPB38:2283
; Antifeedant ISA14:93
; Antiinflammatory CPB38:2283
; Antitumor JNP55:999
; Calcium-Antagonist ED50=32 uM gpg J14432
; Fungicide ABS
; Insecticide ISA14:93
; Pesticide DUKE1992B
- COIPAIFERIC-ACID
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- COPAENE
Gum 45,000 - 146,700 ppm DUKE1992A
-
Carminative PJB1(1):172
- COPAIFEROLIC-ACID
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- COPALIC-ACID
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- CYPERENE
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- DELTA-CADINENE
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
Aldose-Reductase-Inhibitor PJB1(3):238
; Antiacne PJB1(3):238
; Antibacterial MIC800 ug/ml JAF41:1103
; Anticariogenic JAF41:1103
; Antistreptococcic PJB1(3):238
; Cytochrome-P450-Inducer MED'95
; P450-Inducer MED'95
; Pesticide DUKE1992B
; Testosterone-Inducer MED'95
- DELTA-ELEMENE
Gum 7,200 - 24,300 ppm DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- ENANTIO-AGATHIC-ACID
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- EO
Gum 300,000 - 900,000 ppm DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- EPERU-8(20)-EN-15,18-DIOIC-ACID
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- GAMMA-CADINENE
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- GAMMA-ELEMENE
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- GAMMA-HUMULENE
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- HARDWICKIC-ACID
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
Antibacterial JNP54:1625
; Antiseptic JNP54:1625
; Fungicide JNP54:1625
; Pesticide DUKE1992B
- HOMOPARACOPAIBIC-ACID
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- ILLURINIC-ACID
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- KAUR-16-EN-19-CARBONIC-ACID
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- MARACAIBOBALSAM
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- METHYL-11-ACETOXYLABDA-8(20)-13-DIEN-15-CARBONIC-ACID-ESTER
Plant:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- PARACOPAIBIC-ACID
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- POLYALTHIC-ACID
Gum:
DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- RESIN
Gum 60,000 - 540,000 ppm DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
- TRANS-ALPHA-BERGAMOTENE
Gum 22,200 - 91,800 ppm DUKE1992A
-
No activity reported.
References
- 382:
Jacobson, M., Glossary of Plant-Derived Insect Deterrents, CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 213 p, 1990.
- ABS:
Abstract (See species file)
- ARC:
Aloe Research Council - Duke writeup of non-peer reviewd book by Coats and draft by Henry
Note: Most ARC numerical data were in mg/dl. I know of no other plant where zinc is more prevalent than other minerals and protein. These data should be viewed as suspect.
- CPB38:2283:
Shimizu,*M., et al. 1990. Anti-inflammatory Constituents of Topically Applied Crude Drugs. IV.1) Constituents and Anti-inflammatory Effect of Paraguayan Crude Drug "Alhucema" (Lavandula latifolia Vill.)2). Chem. Pharm. Bull. 38(8): 2283-2284, 1990.
- DUKE1992A:
Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.
- DUKE1992B:
Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of biologically active phytochemicals and their activities. Boca Raton, FL. CRC Press.
- ISA14:93:
Bettarini, F., Borgonovi, G.E., et al. 1991. Antiparasitic Compounds from East African Plants: Isolation and Biological Activity of Anonaine, Matricarianol, Canthin-6-One and Caryophyllene Oxide. Insect Sci. Applic. 14(1): 93-99, 1993.
- J14432:
Jim Duke's personal files
- JAF40:2329:
Jim Duke's personal files
- JAF41:1103:
Muroi, H. and Kubo, I. 1993. Combination Effects of Antibacterial Compounds in Green Tea Flavor against Streptococcus mutans. J. Agric. Food Chem. 41: 1102-1105.
- JAR10:7:
Jim Duke's personal files
- JBH:
Jeffery B. Harborne and H. Baxter, eds. 1983. Phytochemical Dictionary. A Handbook of Bioactive Compounds from Plants. Taylor & Frost, London. 791 pp.
- JE32:174:
Jim Duke's personal files
- JNP54:1625:
Jim Duke's personal files
- JNP55:999:
Zheng, G-Q., Kenney, P.M., and Lam, L.K.T. Sesquiterpenes From Clove (Eugenia caryophyllata) As Potential Anticarcinogenic Agents. Journal of Natural Products 55(7): 999-1003, 1992.
- JNP57:658:
Denyer, C.V., Jackson, P., Loakes, D.M., Ellis, M.R., and Yound, D.A.B. Isolation of Antirhinoviral Sesquiterpenes From Ginger (Zingiber officinale). Journal of Natural Products, 57(5): 658-662, 1994.
- LAF:
Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. 1995. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients 2nd Ed. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 649 pp.
- M11:
Merck 11th Edition
- MED'95:
Jim Duke's personal files
- MPT:
Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Leeuwenberg, A.J.M., ed. Pudoc, Wageningen. 1987.
- PJB1(1):172:
Jim Duke's personal files
- PJB1(3):238:
Jim Duke's personal files
- TOX:
Keeler, R.F. and Tu, A.T. eds. 1991. Toxicology of Plant and Fungal Compounds. (Handbook of Natural Toxins Vol. 6) Marcel Dekker, Inc. NY. 665 pp.
- YAK112:645:
Yamahara, J., et al. Stomachic principles in ginger. II. Pungent and anti-ulcer effects of low polar constituents isolated from ginger, the dried rhizoma of... Yakugaku Zasshi 112: 645-655 (1992).
- ZEB:
Zebovitz, T. C. Ed. 1989. Part VII. Flavor and Fragrance Substances, in Keith L. H. and Walters, D.B., eds. Compendium of Safety Data Sheets for Research and Industrial Chemicals. VCH Publishers, New York. 3560-4253.
ppm = parts per million
tr = trace
Phytochemical Database, USDA - ARS - NGRL,
Beltsville Agricultural Research Center,
Beltsville, Maryland
Thu May 16 18:23:59 EDT 2002
Please send questions and comments to:
- James A. Duke (E-Mail:
JimDuke@cpcug.org)
- or
- Stephen M. Beckstrom-Sternberg
(E-Mail:
SteveBS@nhgri.nih.gov)
Please send technical questions and comments to:
-
WebMaster (E-Mail:
WebMaster@ars-grin.gov)
The USDA does not recommend self diagnosis or self medication.
Please see the disclaimer
for more information.